CNN Student News with transcript Week 12, 2014

CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: Happy Saint Patrick`s Day. Welcome to our March, 17th edition of CNN STUDENT NEWS. I`m Carl Azuz.

First up, voters in Crimea went to the polls yesterday and overwhelmingly chose to become part of Russia? The local government is sending a delegation to Moscow to apply for that. Russia welcomes the vote and will likely be willing to redraw its borders. But Ukraine, the European Union and the United States, all say the vote doesn`t count. That a region of Ukraine can`t just break away from the rest of the country and become part of another one. Ukraine`s been divided over whether to forge closer ties with Europe or Russia.

Its former president favored Russia, but violent protests in the capital led to his ouster last month. Now, with the U.S. and European Union supporting a unified Ukraine and Russia supporting Crimea`s secession, the country`s political future is unclear. There`s still no sign of a Malaysian Airlines plane that vanished in mid- flight more than a week ago. But U.S. intelligence officials think the captain and copilot might have had something to do with the disappearance, that it was not an accident. Part of the reason, the plane stopped transmitting information at what one official called the perfect place to disappear. Investigators have taken a flight simulator from the captain`s house. They are examining that for clues. The search now includes 25 countries, the area is tremendous.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Take off from Kuala Lumpur 12:41 a.m. local time last Saturday, Flight 370 headed north along its planned route to Beijing. But then, two communication systems stopped working within minutes of each other. And investigators now believe someone almost surely turned them off.

At 1:07 a.m., near the East Coast of Malaysia, the system known as ACARS stops transmitting information about the plane`s operating condition, and that was before the last radio transmission. All right, good night indicating everything was normal.

1:21 a.m., the transponder, which identifies the aircraft on radar, stops transmitting. Was someone trying to hide the plane? We also now know blips then seen on Malaysian military radar were in fact Flight 370 headed west, and authorities say there`s every indication someone was in control.

NAJIB RAZAK, MALAYSIAN PRIME MINISTER: Up until the point, at which it left military primary radar coverage, this movements are consistent with deliberate action by someone on the plane.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Still unclear, whether it was a pilot or a hijacker. CNN has confirmed, the plane made erratic changes in altitude. It was flying what officials describe as a “strange path”. At one point, it appears to have climbed to 45,000 feet, well above its approved altitude, then descending to 23,000. Now, a new analysis of satellite information shows the plane kept flying more than seven hours after takeoff, much longer than previously thought. A satellite searching for operational data from the plane, detected the aircraft every hour in a so called handshake, but no data was transmitted.

Its last contact, 8:11 a.m., somewhere along this arc that stretches as far north as Kazakhstan and as far south as the Indian Ocean west of Australia.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Got some pretty tough sounding mascots in our first “Roll Call” of the week. Who`d want to mess with the (INAUDIBLE)? They are watching from Monache High School, the (INAUDIBLE) are in Portville, California. Then, what better mascot for the desert than the desert shields? They are keeping shy in high school. Awesome, in north Las Vegas, Nevada. And you won`t find these guys near a bird feeder: the War Eagles. Waynesboro, Mississippi, glad to see you watching in Wayne County High School. Around this time, three years ago parts of Japan were reeling from a catastrophic earthquake tsunami and nuclear disaster. The tremor that started it was the fourth largest earthquake on record. And while the effects of all this can still be seen in the coastal damage and debris floating in the Pacific Ocean, a symbol of hope is still standing.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

FAREED ZAKARIA, CNN ANCHOR: A 9.0 magnitude earthquake strike the coast of northern Japan, unleashing the largest tsunami in the country`s history. Traveling as fast as the jet plane, the wave reached an astounding 132.5 feet high. That`s roughly the height of Rio`s Christ the Redeemer`s Stature. Over 18,000 people lost their lives. Coastal communities were decimated, and the most serious nuclear crisis since Chernobyl ensued.

In one town on Japan`s northeast coast, only a handful of buildings remained standing when the water receded. A forest of 70,000 trees, trees that have protected the town for hundreds of years were lost. All that is but one – this pine tree was the only one to survive the massive wave. It became known as the miracle pine, a symbol of hope for the devastated community. When salt water threatened its life in 2012, the 270-year old, 88 foot tree was cut down, hollowed out and preserved. It was then erected in the same spot, now serving as a memorial to the tsunami victims.

Radioactive water from Fukushima is still said to be periodically leaking into the Pacific. 100,000 people are still living in temporary housing, and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said this week, he would not let the disaster fade from memory. This tree won`t let it.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: In the Southwest area of Lake Superior, part of the natural border between the U.S. and Canada, there`s a pristine chain of 21 islands. They are called the Apostle Islands, the jewels of Lake Superior. It`s a national park, rich and everything from human history to natural history. We recently showed you how a bitterly cold winter crusted over the caves and ice. Now, we are stepping inside.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Over the past few months, more than 100,000 people had journey to the northern tip of Wisconsin, marching over ice covered Lake Superior for more than a mile each way, in a bitter cold. All because of what lies ahead.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: This is crazy!

(LAUGHTER)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Dozens of ice caves, stretching for over a mile along the coast or giving people an experience of a lifetime.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: That`s really cool.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It`s like walking into the Holy ..

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: While some of the caves are massive like this one, which is called the garage, others .

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: It`s kind of claustrophobic.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Require some crawling.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Getting into the little one.

It`s well worth it.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Inside each cave houses, a unique icy masterpiece, all courtesy of Mother Nature.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: That`s a really weird pinkish hue.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: The colors in there are really weird.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The caves which kayakers flocked to every summer, are made of sandstone.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: They are overlaying by a wet soil. There are springs and sips. And so, these rocks actually have little cracks in them. And so, there`s a lot of water that is coming down through and over the rocks and forming into ice formations.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The ice is starting to melt away in some spots. This is the first winter in five years the caves have been accessible and there`s no way of knowing when we`ll be able to see them again.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: See, if you can I.D. me. I`m a nation that`s about the size of West Virginia. I`m a Republic located in Western Europe. My national holiday is today. I`m Ireland, whose population is just under 5 million people.

But around 34 million Americans say they have Irish ancestry, and that`s part of the reason why today Saint Patrick`s Day is celebrated so extensively in the U.S. Here`s a by the numbers look at the holiday.

Five, as in fifth century – that`s when St. Patrick introduced Christianity to Ireland.

16. According to the census, that`s the number of places in the U.S. named Dublin, like Ireland`s capital.

22.6, the percentage of people in Massachusetts who claim they have Irish ancestor.

17.62 – the year of the first Saint Patrick`s Day Parade in New York.

About 2900, the number of snake species in the world, none of which are found in Ireland.

133 million, the number of people in the U.S. who plan to celebrate St. Patrick`s Day and finally, 83, the percentage of those celebrants who say they plan wear green.

It`s like soccer, but it`s on a bigger field. It`s like golf, but with a bigger ball. It`s foot golf. And if you haven`t heard of it, it might be because only a couple of thousands folks in the U.S. are estimated to have played it. The head of the American Foot Golf League says it`s a lot like golf. The winner gets the ball in the hole with the fewest kicks. And since it`s got to be a FIFA number five soccer ball, the hole is bigger than the golf cup. That`s what a hole – looks like.

With less running than soccer and less frustration than golf, it`s no wonder why folks want to join that club. To give it a sporting chance to put their feet to the four, to get a kick out of going green and to say, they spent an afternoon just kicking it. We`d love to see you tomorrow with CNN STUDENT NEWS return.

CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: Hello and welcome to CNN STUDENT NEWS. I`m Carl Azuz reporting from the CNN Center as March marches on. We`re glad you`re taking ten minutes out of your Tuesday to watch our show. First up, the Middle East where there`s been fighting for decades between Palestinians and Israelis. President Obama like other U.S. and international leaders is trying to encourage peace talks between the two sides. But they are not going well. And violence between Israelis and Palestinians flared up this month. Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas was at the White House yesterday. Two weeks after Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu visited. The two Middle Easters leaders disagree so deeply over issues like land borders and security issues that the U.S. is having trouble just getting them to talk to each other. The Obama administration set an April deadline for the two sides to agree on the path toward peace. That will likely be extended through the end of the year.

The U.S. and European Union have issued sanctions or penalties against Russian officials, but they only directly affect the handful of people. The sanctions will prevent about 32 Russians from traveling to certain countries and getting access to some investments they have in those countries. This is all about Crimea. It`s a region of Ukraine were more than 96 percent of voters elected to split off from Ukraine and become part of Russia? The U.S. and European Union called Sunday`s vote illegal, and said they wouldn`t recognize it. Russia supports the vote and says it`s protected by international law, allowing a region to govern itself, because Russia also supports troupes who`ve been in Crimea since Ukraine ousted its former president last month, the U.S. and other nations want to penalize Russia.

Time for the “Shoutout.” The largest earthquake ever recorded struck what country? If you think you know it, shout it out! Was it the U.S., Indonesia, Chili or Iran? You`ve got three seconds, go!

In 1960, a magnitude 9.5 earthquake shook the nation of Chile. That is the biggest quake on record. That`s your answer and that`s your “Shoutout.”

That`s a tsunami warning alarm you hear in this YouTube video. It went off Sunday in the South American nation of Chile. A magnitude 6.7 earthquake, which is characterized as strong, but not extreme, struck not too far from Chile`s Pacific Coast on Sunday. It did cause a tsunami. According to the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center, but there was no widespread threat, nothing major actually hit Chile, and there were no immediate reports of damage or injuries. Up to the Pacific Coast of North America, another quake hit on Monday morning. You could see here how two news anchors from KTLA reacted. The quake that hit Los Angeles was magnitude 4.4. You can feel those, but they only caused minor damage. If you live in an area prone to earthquakes, and you`re indoors, experts say to get under a desk or a table like the reporters did, or to stand near an interior wall, away from furniture, fire places and appliances. If you are outdoors, head for open spaces. You want to be away from buildings, power lines or anything that could fall on you.

The families of the 239 people aboard Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 are struggling with the unknown. The father of a missing passenger says all he hopes for is that officials find the plane. And 11th day of searching turned up nothing. There are countless series for why the plane vanished and where it could have gone. Yesterday, a Malaysian newspaper reported that the aircraft might have been flown low to the ground to avoid being picked up by radar. So, figuring altitude of 5,000 or less. With the plane this size, is that even possible?

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

MARTIN SAVIDGE, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Getting it down to 5,000 feet, and what the difficulties would be to fly there. I`ll point out something right now, we are actually at about 6800 feet altitude wise, but above the ground we are only 1400 feet. The reason is, we are flying that northern route. We are over Pakistan. This part of Pakistan is extremely mountainous. The terrain is very (INAUDIBLE) with a lot of high mountains. We are having to navigate, as you can see, to sort of pick and choose our way to go through these mountain passes or to clear the mountain tops. And again, that said about 6400 feet. Let`s take it even lower because if you are really trying to evade radar, you`ve got to do almost (INAUDIBLE) of the Earth flying. This is when you`re going to start getting all sorts of warnings and alerts, because this airplane is so automated it is trying to tell the pilot – look, if you want to fly this low, it must be you`re trying to land. We are not. We are just trying to fly low. In order to try to appease the aircraft we could lower the landing gear, which I`ll show you how – now we`ve got the landing gear down. The problem with this – is at least quiet some of the alarms, but the other problem is now we are really drinking a lot of fuel. Whoever is in control of the aircraft, if this was the route they took, and this was they altitude they tried to fly, that they knew the terrain they were going into.

Remember, for this simulation we made it daylight, but for that person at that time, it would have been night time, which means that any other ground hazards would have been extremely hard to see and without a transponder transmitting, it would have meant that any other aircraft wouldn`t know we were hear.

(END VIDEOTAPE) AZUZ: Sara Bareilles may want to see you be brave, but on our “Roll Call,” we already know who is. “The Braves,” Indian River High School. They are online and fearless in Chesapeake Virginia. We may be one day after St. Patrick`s Day, if it`s not too late to recognize the Irish, they are watching from Hackett Catholic Central in Kalamazoo, Michigan. And on the West Coast, we found the Saxons. North Torrance High School in Torrance, California. It`s great to see you on our roll.

I`m a former drummer. I played for a few years back in middle and high school. But I wasn`t as good as Jason Barnes. He`s 24 years old, lost part of his right arm two years ago in a roof cleaning accident. Scientists at Georgia Tech developed a robotic arm for him. One part reacts to Barnes` bicep to do what a hand and wrist would do. The other uses a computer chip to react to the music it hears and tries to enhance what`s playing.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

JASON BARNES, DRUMMER: My first lesson with my drum teacher and he was kind of curious – how I would play drums. But I also explained to him that I would be able to do more and things I used to be able to do with some robotics.

GIL WEINBERG, MUSIC TECH RESEARCHER: It was pretty exciting to do. To have a stick with a mind of its own that can listen to Jason, improvise, surprise him.

BARNES: That` definitely like adding another brain to the equation, playing your instrument with another person.

WEINBERG: It can push music to new domains and maybe even lead to a new kind of music genres.

BARNES: It has a potential to play things better than I normally would or anybody normally would.

Practice makes perfect hand (ph).

WEINBERG: I think it`s a pretty new area to create robotic musicians, meaning these robots are first musicians and only then robots.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZIZ: There`s a rescue crew called “Henry I” at Sonoma County airport in California. One thing its members train on, is saving people in remote areas like rugged mountainsides or cliffs. But it`s not always people. A woman recently called 911 after her black Labrador retriever fell off a cliff and got stranded on the two by two food ledge. It couldn`t move without falling. The sheriff`s office doesn`t want people risking their lives trying to save animals, so it`s sent is own crew to retrieve the retriever. As you see in this YouTube video, the dog was airlifted to safety and afterward reunited with its owner.

Sometimes it`s a state, sometimes a burrito, sometimes you just feel like a big old bowl of pasta. Well, check it, yo. A big old bowl of pasta orders up! In honor of Italian American Marching Club parade, chef strung together more than 500 pounds of noodles, 150 pounds of sauce, and countless calories, all of them delicious. It fit, if you can say that, into an eight foot wide bowl. Of course, no one person is going to eat this. We doubt he`d make it past the couple of pounds before spaghetting pretty sick. If you`re looking to bake up a record, and you`re willing to show out the money and time, that`s exactly the sort of thing that will make a meailingful (ph) impression. That will bowl people over. Though putting it together would take you al dente long. Certainly, it spices up our show with the saucy story that we hope will keep you carbing back for more. I`m Carl Azuz. This is CNN STUDENT NEWS.

CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: Happy to have you watching on this worldwide Wednesday, March 19. I`m Carl Azuz for CNN STUDENT NEWS.

First up, the maps on your classroom wall and in your geography book may be changing. Yesterday, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a treaty that makes Crimea part of Russia. His actions followed Sunday`s voting Crimea when Crimean residents overwhelmingly chose to split off from Ukraine and join Russia. The Russian leader said he wouldn`t push for any further division of Ukraine.

But the move was unacceptable to the European Union and the United States. Vice President Joe Biden called Russia`s actions “a land grab.” The U.S. and E.U. have imposed sanctions, limiting the rights of certain Russian officials and they are threatening more sanctions against Russia over Ukraine.

12 years ago, the U.S. Congress set up a military review. It was trying to find out if American troops who`d served in combat decades ago might have been passed over for the Medal of Honor because they were Hispanic or Jewish. The investigation found several people, including some African Americans who likely would have received the country`s highest military decoration, if not for their skin color. So, yesterday, at the White House, President Obama awarded 24 Medals of Honor, most of them for people who`d been discriminated against and had served in World War II, the Korean War and Vietnam. The president said their courage almost defies imagination. 21 of the medals were awarded posthumously, for the three recipients who were still alive, it`s an honor decades in the making.

Tough times for General Motors. The maker of Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet and GMC is recalling more than 1.5 million vehicles. It believes a flaw in an ignition switch has let to dozens of crashes, and the deaths of at least 12 people. Because this problem may date back years, and the recall was just issued last month, the company has been accused of dragging its feet in addressing the issue. And a lot of the heat is on GM`s first female leader.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: She`s the CEO at the center of a huge auto safety nightmare. Just two months on the job, Mary Barra is heading up GM`s massive ignition switch recall. And the stakes couldn`t be higher.

JEREMY ROBINSON-LEON, CRISIS-MANAGEMENT EXPERT: It`s probably the last thing she wanted to have to deal with in her first few weeks, or her first couple of months on the job.

MARY BARRA, GM CEO: Automotive it`s kind of in my blood.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Barra is the first woman to head up a U.S. car company, but she`s been climbing the GM corporate ladder for over 30 years.

Barra says she became aware of the safety issues, “a few weeks ago.” And says, GM ordered the recall without hesitation.

But GM`s own records show its engineers were aware of the problem as early as 2004. The company says, “The chronology shows that the process employed to examine this phenomenon, was not as robust as it should have been. And for this reason, Barra`s longtime insider status could put her in the tough spot.

PAUL LAMONICA, ASSISTANT MANAGING EDITOR, CNN MONEY: It`s going to be difficult for her to maybe distance herself from this crisis, because she can`t just come out and say, well, this was under someone else`s watch.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Adding to Barra`s problems, a Justice Department criminal probe into whether GM hid evidence about defects, upcoming hearings on Capitol Hill as well as law suits from victims` families and shareholders.

As Toyota found out four years ago during its massive recall for unintended vehicle acceleration, Congress likes to go for the jugular.

JAY ROCKFELLER, U.S. SENATOR: It set with me deeply, that it seems somewhere along the way public safety decreased in value, as profit margins saw it.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Toyota`s market share tumbledoring (ph) its crisis as did their reputation. GM investors are clearly worried, shares have fallen more than 15 percent this year.

Crisis management experts say the quicker Barra speaks out, the better.

ROBINSON-LEON: There`s a trickle of information that keeps coming. It keeps GM in the headlines. The company will be better off getting all – as many of the facts out as it possibly can to look transparent. She has to get out there and talk to the public.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: But some believe GM lawyers might hold their cards closed.

LAMONICA: The fact that the company has announced that it needs to do its own internal investigation means that there are a lot of things that they are trying to figure out. It`s premature, I think. You`re kind of just throwing Barra out to the sharks that the media can be.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: But if this crisis deepens, GM`s mark of excellence could be tainted for years.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Time for the “Shoutout.” Andromeda, Sombrero and Whirlpool, are all examples of what? If you think you know it, shout it out! Are they all supercomputers, noble gases, straits or galaxies? You`ve got three seconds, go!

These are all examples of galaxies, though the one we are most familiar with is the Milky Way. That`s your answer and that`s your “Shoutout.”

In intergalactic news, a Big Bang theory is making big waves among some scientists, but spoiler alert: they don`t really know what happened around, say, 14 billion years ago.

Here`s what some researchers said they found. Evidence of how the Universe rapidly expanded after the theoretical Big Bang. They say less than a trillionth of a second after the bang, the Universe suddenly inflated, doubling in size one hundred times over. The elements of it separating from each other like raisins in a raisin bun as dough bakes and expands in the oven. What led to this announcement – there`s a telescope at the South Pole that analyses what scientists believe is anction (ph) light in the Universe. The kind that might have been around billions of years ago. Scientists say this telescope found aftershocks of the Big Bang. But there`s plenty of doubt. Another astrophysicist interviews by CNN says the telescope`s measurements are very hard to make. That there could easily be problems with them. Additional experiments and the years ahead could either back up or completely refute this latest theory.

It`s worldwide Wednesday on the CNN STUDENT NEWS. Roll call. We are going around the globe, starting in Cartagena, Colombia. We are happy to be online and part of your day at Jorge, Washington School. Next, to Quy Nhon, Vietnam. Thank you for watching CNN STUDENT NEWS at (INAUDIBLE) specialized high school. And our third stop is in Kazakhstan. In the city of Petropavlovsk, great to see our viewers at school number seven.

In Shakespeare`s “Julius Caesar,” the title character has warned, “Beware the Ides of March.” The play and history tell us he had something to be worried about.

While most of us got through the Ides OK, they were last Saturday, the Madness of March is upon us. In the U.S. the annual NCAA basketball tournament has so many fans and so many people feeling out brackets, that it actually impacts workers` productivity. A poll estimates the month-long tournament will cost American companies billions. It`s because workers are watching rather than working.

Why all this madness?

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

MATT WINER: March Madness is really a nickname for the NCAA men`s division one basketball tournament. But it`s also a description of phenomenon, which happens every March, which is why people are interested in the first place. Because it really is sort of insanity in the world of college basketball.

To me, the NCAA tournament is the best three weeks in sports. And it`s because of its unpredictability. You just don`t know what`s going to happen. There are well over 300 division one basketball programs, within the NCAA. Only 68 of those, make the NCAA tournament, which is why it`s kind of a special thing.

There`s 68 teams that get in each year. 31 by what it`s called automatic qualification, automatic qualifiers by virtue of winning their conference, either in the regular season or through a conference tournament. The other team, the other 37 are so called at large bids. It gets a little more tricky there in terms of who gets in and who doesn`t. There`s a selection committee that looks over the resumes at each and every one of the teams available to play in the NCAA tournament. And deems 37 of them worthy of the tournament.

The bracket itself for most people is the physical piece of paper you hold when you tried to determine who the winners are of the tournament. As you look at a bracket, you see 32 teams on either side of it, which then – (INAUDIBLE) themselves down to 32 teams, then 16, then eight, et cetera. All the way to a final four. And then, of course, the final two teams who play for the national championship.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: Some of our “Before We Go” segments bring more questions than answers. For example, why San Francisco 49`ers is coach Jim Harbaugh doing pushups at Six Flags. Why is there a walrus? What motivates the walrus to imitate the coach? And who`d be able to do more pushups? I guess you could just as easily ask why the heck not? This YouTube clip shows that something you just don`t see every day. The coach looks fit, the walrus looks happy. It might be working to improve its walrushing yards. It certainly seems up to the task. It`s focused and quiet, you couldn`t call it a blubbermouth, and as long as it goes light on the shellfish – unshellfishly, of course, it will certainly be in the swim with Marine teams, like the Seahawks, the Buccaneers, and of course, the Dolphins. I`m Carl Azuz. And we are dolphinished. See you Thursday.

CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: There are many theories about what happened to a missing Malaysia Airlines plane, but confirmed information is hard to come by. We`ll tell you what we know today on CNN STUDENT NEWS.

It`s been 13 days since the flight with 239 people aboard vanished over Southeast Asia. There are 26 countries involved in the search. The area is almost 3 million square miles from Eastern Europe to the Southern Indian Ocean. It even extends to the pilot`s house. A flight simulator was there, and yesterday, Malaysian officials said some files have been deleted from its hard drive. Investigators are trying to recover those to see if they hold any clues, though it could be just another dead end. U.S. officials say the aircraft`s most likely location is the bottom of the Indian Ocean.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

TOM FOREMAN, CNN CORRESPONDENT: The big complete area is still enormous. You are still talking about an area around the size of the United States. But the area they are focused on most today is about the size of Arizona. Remember, we`ve talked about these two arcs out here, the northern and southern arcs. This is along the southern arcs. And they are specifically focused on this area about 1400 miles or so away from the West Coast of Australia. This is a moving target, by the way. This was bigger yesterday. You put it on the floor now. And it was a little bit further to the West, but because of drifting patterns and things like that, they adjusted with the hours. This is all based on something from mathematics called Bayesian theory, which is basically saying, as all of your parameters change hour to hour, day to day in a search, you adjust the probability of where you will find it. And now that equation has led them to focus most on this area.

And one of the reasons we know they are focusing on it so far or so hard right now, is this, this airplane. This is the P8 Poseidon, it`s made by the Navy, or the Navy has them out there. This is the result of a $35 billion program. Each plane costs around a quarter billion dollars. And many people consider this the most effective sub-hunting plane in the world now because when it looks down at all this water, which you and I would look at with our eyes, we would see sunlight glinting off, and making it hard for us to see things. And we might see white caps. And all sorts of things that make it visually hard to see something. It uses radar to scan many, many, many miles of this. Thousands in a day to spot even little tiny items. So, the fact that this plane, this quarter billion dollar plane has been moved down to search that specific area, shows you that their sense of probability that it could be one of the more important search areas has reason substantially. It doesn`t mean they are going to find anything, but it means they think they might fight debris on the surface. But remember, even if you find something on the surface, even if all the calculations by NTSB and everybody else says it should be down here somewhere, if you find something, the bigger challenge lies ahead, because this plane vanished over about 200 feet of water. But if you fly into this part of the Indian Ocean, and you keep going down below the surface, look what you get – you get the kind of topography that you would get on the surface. A geography of hills and ridges and valleys and all sorts of places where that pinger that they might search for could be difficult to locate.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: The families of the missing are in anguish. They are frustrated with the lack of search progress. Some accused the Malaysian government of withholding information. There is some technology that was launched too late to help with this incident. But astronaut Chris Hadfield describes how it could help in the future.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

CHRIS HADFIELD, RETIRED CANADIAN ASTRONAUT: Five weeks ago, the space station released 28 little tiny satellite cameras that are now orbiting the world. They are about the size of a long skinny shoebox. And each of them goes around the world every 90 minutes, and they can see things down maybe to about the size of a car.

The beauty of those will be, they will take a picture of basically every second, and you go five miles a second. So, every five miles they will take a picture of the world and continuously stream that information back to us, giving us a look at the planet like we`ve never before.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Time for the “Shoutout.” What`s the world`s oldest currency still in use? Is it, the British pound, Indian rupee, Japanese yen, or Swiss franc? You`ve got three seconds, go!

The British pound was established more than 1,000 years ago when Anglo- Saxon kingdoms began using sterlings or silver currency. That`s your answer and that`s your “Shoutout.”

AZUZ: There`s a new pound in town, at least there will be in 2017, and here it is. 12 sides, two metals, two tone. The United Kingdom made the change in hopes of confounding counterfeiters. This is supposed to be the world`s most secure coin. Britain`s Royal Mint estimates that three percent of the pound coins currently in circulation are fakes. That would total out to about 46 million pounds or $76 million. Making the new coin will cost the country. New machinery will be needs. And wending machine operator will have to alter their machines to accept the new coin. And that will cost them. But one expert says, it`s also wending machines that tend to be ripped off the most by fakes.

The current pound coin was introduced 30 years ago. At today`s exchange rate it`s worth about a $1.66.

Now, if converting currency or doing any kind of math for that matter really, really bothers you, it just might be in your genes. As in genetics. A new study out of Ohio State University looked at people`s anxiety levels when it comes to math. It found that the genetics aren`t the main reason why some people dread numbers or angles or solving for X. But it may account for 40 percent of the reason. That if your parents or your siblings struggle with math, you might two. Other reasons for math anxiety may be even bigger reasons include environment. So, if you don`t get enough support at school, for example it may make you anxious. And if others in your family get that way about math, it could make the problem worth.

Why does this matter if you`ve still got to learn and then do math? Researchers say that the more aware educators are about students anxiety, the more prepared they`ll be to tailor their lesson plans to help.

There`s plenty of math in figure skating from the triple axels and quad touloups (ph) we saw in the Sochi Olympics to angular momentum and vertical velocity. Physics, that`s factored in to those jumps. But there`s a broader reason why Sharon Cohen is getting young people involved. She`s working to help a group of girls in Harlem, on and off the ice. She`s a CNN Hero and a woman improving other women`s life this women`s history month.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I love the crispy feeling of the air. The sound of my skate crunching on the ice. Skating relieves me from everything. I just want to fly, I just don`t want to stop.

SHARON COHEN: I heard that there were some girls who wanted to figure skate in Harlem. Growing up I was a competitive figure skater and I knew that skating was not a diverse sport. There was not access for kids in low-income communities. They were so eager to get started I began teaching them and it was really inspiring to me. Now, we serve over 200 girls a year.

Wow! Look at those spins! You did it!

The best part about skating is that it gives you qualities that you use for the rest of your life. They gain discipline, perseverance.

Step, cross. Step, cross. Excellent, girls.

They fall down and they get back up and they learn they can do that in anything. It`s a building block. Skating is the hook, but education comes first.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Is that how you spell when?

UNIDENTIFIED GIRLS: Oh.

COHEN: Before they even get on the ice, they have to get their homework done, they get tutoring. The minimum of three afternoons a week.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: So that`ll be Z minus 12.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Algebra was not my best subject and I failed it. Ms. Sharon hired a special tutor for me that felt like, hey, you have to get back up.

It was that simple?

Now, I`m doing way better in school.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Ladies and gentlemen, Harlem Ice.

COHEN: We want girls to believe and know they can do anything they put their hearts and minds to.

(APPLAUSE)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: It`s not all about skating. Miss Sharon is teaching us to be the best we can be in life.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: We are headed west for today`s CNN STUDENT NEWS roll call like really far west. In the Pacific state of Hawaii, we`ve got the bulldogs on today`s roll. They are watching from Le Jardin Academy in Kailua (ph). Back in the continent, hello to Roosevelt Junior High School in Roosevelt, Utah. That`s Roosevelt isn`t teddy because these are the rough writers. And one state south, it`s all about the bears and grizzlies. They are online in Shonto Preparatory Middle and High School in Shonto, Arizona …

Probably, you can`t get college credit for this, especially from the professors who wrote some of these books. But a group of students in Poland did get a Guinness world record for knocking them down like dominoes. They lined up 4998 books, don`t know why they didn`t just go for an even 5,000, but with one quick tip they toppled the previous record of 4845 books. And earned themselves a place in the record. Book. Might not be the most productive chapter in their lives, but the experiment didn`t put them in a bind, it fell together nicely, it moved at a steady page. They were domino problems, even though they had a lot of ground to cover. I can read your thoughts from here. We`ve reached the tipping point with these puns. So, we`ll close the book on today`s show and hope you`ll book ten minutes with us again on Friday.

THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.

CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: Fridays are awesome. Welcome to everyone watching worldwide, including our viewers in Edison and Ringle, Georgia who visited CNN Center in the past week. I`m Carl Azuz.

First up, a brain drain. It`s when trained professionals or scientists or professors leave a country and search better opportunities elsewhere. China`s “People`s Daily Newspaper” said last year that China has the world`s worst brain drain. In 2013, 8.5 million Chinese were living abroad, but only about 850,000 people had moved to China. Reasons for the exodus include wealth. People don`t think China`s financial system is stable enough to protect their money. Another reason, getting a foreign education brings a bit of status. And, of course, you have infamous pollution in some Chinese cities.

But when a country`s movers and shakers move away, it can hurt a country`s future educationally and economically. A human resources expert says China is fighting this with the talent war, trying to attract talented people from around the world.

Moving now to Perth, Australia. It`s the closest major city to what could be a new clue in the disappearance of a Malaysia Airlines passenger plane. The aircraft vanished in mid-flight last weekend with 239 people aboard. The search area is tremendous. This gives an idea of where debris was located. It was detected several days ago by satellites scanning the area. That`s a problem, because whatever this is, might have drifted since it was found. And while it could be debris from the missing plane, it could also be another false lead, something that fell overboard from a ship, for example. The southern Indian Ocean where two objects were detected is one of the most remote places in the world. And everything from waves to weather is hampering the search.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Time for the “Shoutout.” Which of these scientists is known for the discovery that germs cause disease? If you think you know it, shout it out! Is it Marie Curie, Louis Pasteur, Benjamin Banneker or Ivan Pavlov? You`ve got three seconds, go!

It was Louis Pasteur who found the link between germs and disease in the 1860s. That`s your answer and that`s your “Shoutout.”

AZUZ: Pasteur`s germ theory of fermentation goes a little deeper than the five second rule, but some researchers in Britain say that rule is not entirely an urban myth. Here`s what they did: they dropped food on the floor for different amounts of time. And then picked it up to see how much bacteria was on it. They found that time does factor in that food that set for a few seconds on the floor was likely to have less bacteria on it than food that set for longer. In their study, the type of floor mattered. Carpeted floors were least likely to transfer bacteria. Laminate or tiled floors were most likely.

But while that and the five second rule do count for something, the lead professor on the study said, any dropped food can pick up infectious bacteria depending on how nasty the floor is.

You probably heard the reports that public Wi-Fi, free Internet connections at airports and coffee shops isn`t always secure. That a hacker could use it to tap into your phone or computer. But as technology gets more and more advanced, your personal information could be at risk while you`re just working around with Wi-Fi turned on.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

GLENN WILKINSON, SECURITY RESEARCHER, SENSEPOST: Three devices, or three mobile phones down below, and are collecting data about at least three people.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: That`s a hacker. He`s using technology installed on a drone to grab cell phone information from people below. This technology is being used on cell phones and laptops. One day, it could be installed in a larger aircraft. Think helicopters or small planes.

WILKINSON: And down the road, and I see lots of devices, it must be the people walking down the road.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: He can also see your user names, passwords, credit card information and get this – in some cases, your home address.

WILKINSON: So, somebody who`s walking in the park, that`s most likely their house. One of these houses here.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: The tech on the drone is called snoopy. We took snoopy out for a spin on the streets of London.

WILKINSON: They will fly within a relative close distance of a person with a phone tucked safe in their pocket. And if they`ve left their Wi-Fi on, which most people do in my experience, the phone will very noisily be shouting out the name of every network that`s ever connected to you. So, it`ll be shouting out Starbucks, are you there.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: You can protect yourself by turning off your Wi-Fi. But if you don`t, Snoopy can trick your phone and send back a signal pretending to be the network the phone is looking for. Then, the drone can intercept everything the phone sends and receives.

WILKINSON: Your phone is looking for Starbucks, and I pretend to be Starbucks. Your phone connects to me and then I can see all of your traffic.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: We tested it out on some dummy accounts we created.

WILKINSON: And we can see here as logging to yahoo.com. Yahoo mail, and I created an account. Angela Smith and there`s the user name, and the password is ABC123. And so, here`s Amazon, also for PayPal. So, PayPal, email address, user name.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Wilkinson is an ethical hacker. He built the snoopy drone to highlight insecurities in smart devices. In a world were drones fly and tech enables them to potentially spy, it`s more important than ever to protect your data.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

AZUZ: And now that we`ve all turned off our Wi Fi after hearing about a dark side of technology, we have a report for you about its bright side. One of the amazing ways the new technology of 3d printing is being used to help people. It concerns civil wars in South Sudan, a central African nation where millions have died or been disfigured during years of conflict.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CORRESPONDENT: The second civil war in Sudan was one of the largest Africa has ever known. It`s a conflict that`s displaced about 4 million people, making massive refugee camps a stark reality. The fallout from the fighting is startling. And has left more than 50,000 amputees in its wake, but in this unlikely place comes a tale of hope. The story of Daniel. Mick Ebeling is the founder of Not Impossible labs. IT`s a non-profit whose main mantras are help one, help many. And technology for the sake of humanity.

(on camera): What is 3D printing of an arm? I mean for people who`ve never heard of this, what does that mean?

MICK EBELING, FOUNDER, NOT IMPOSSIBLE LABS: It`s like a pastry chef. Put it right in “Happy Birthday” on a cake. Squeezing, you know, frosting out of the bottom of the tube, except for every time you right the H, you write on top of it again, and you write on top of it again, so that your H just starts to build from the ground up, and so you get a 3 dimensional H.

And that pastry tube is on 3D printer`s called an extruder and the frosting is this hard can of plastic spaghetti that gets spit through the extruder heated up and then spit out in whatever shape the program is going to do it.

GUPTA: What was it like when you first saw Daniel?

EBELING: Daniel was very recluse, he was turned away. He, you know, had his arms and his stumps slightly hidden.

So, November 11th, 2013, we had been in (INAUDIBLE), we had set up in the NGO`s back shed, and it finally comes to a point where we`ve got everything together, and so Daniel came over and put it on, and I`m just testing kind of the ergonomics and how he was going to position to get his hand up to his mouth, and I was seeing him doing that, and it`s actually happening. So we melted a little piece of orthoplastic on it And popped a spoon, a tin spoon into the piece, and he fed himself for the first time, and it was – I mean it was one of the most amazing experiences I`ve had in my life.

Everybody – there`s a crowd kind of gathered around watching it, and everybody was equally as blown away.

Yes!

GUPTA (voice over): Days after Daniel received his own arms, he began to print arms for other amputees.

EBELING: I think the brilliant thing about the human mind is that the more you do something, the more you tweak it and the more you see how you can change it. When I go back, the arm will be way better than the arm that I taught him how to build. And that kind of progress is just so exciting.

This Friday, our “Roll Call” takes us on a southeast path across the middle of the country. The coyotes or coyotes kicked things off for us. They are watching in Dodson, Montana, at Dodson High School. Then the huskies (INAUDIBLE). Northwest high magnet school in Omaha, good to see you all in Nebraska. And our third stop is in Hardy, Arkansas. That`s where we find the rebels who are online at Highland High school.

It`s the wheel fortune equivalent of a buzzer bidder. A contestant named Emil didn`t have much to go on in the final round Wednesday night. The category was thing, which, of course, can mean anything. But when he said the first thing that came to mind, host Patsy (ph) Jack said it was the most amazing solve in his 30 plus years on the show.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: New baby buggy, new baby, new .

Oh my god!

(END VIDEO CLIP)

AZUZ: He just couldn`t believe it was for a wheel. But it brought him a $45,000 fortune, and incredible turn of events, a new spin on an old show, an exceptional tale to tile. It came as a great ressolution and showed some serious game on a game show. I`m Carl Azuz. And we`ll begame a new week on Monday. Have a wheely great weekend, everyone.